In the late nineteenth century, architectural tastes for dwellings shifted to more decorative styles such as Italianate, Queen Anne, and Folk Victorian. Italianate style is characterized by low-pitched roofs with moderate to widely overhanging eaves having decorative brackets beneath; tall, narrow windows; and often with a square cupola or tower. Excellent examples of this style in Franklin include the Winstead House (NRHP 1979) on South Margin Street and the Andrew C. Vaughn House (NRHP 1988) on Murfreesboro Road. Queen Anne-style architecture was common in Franklin at the turn of the twentieth century. This style is identifiable by its steeply pitched roofs of irregular shapes, patterned shingles, cutaway bay windows, and asymmetrical facades with partial or wraparound porches. The Folk Victorian style features minimal detailing compared to high Victorian styles like Queen Anne but is notable for its porches with spindle work detailing and cornice line brackets. The forms of Folk Victorian houses are often simpler with symmetrical rectangular gable-front or side-gable forms or the gable-front-and-wing plan. Styles of this era can be found in the Hincheyville District and the Lewisburg Avenue Historic District (NRHP 1988). In the early twentieth century, increasing automobile ownership began to influence the development of residential patterns in Franklin. Residential architecture transitioned from the ornate styles to simpler and functional styles influenced by national architecture trends. These styles included Craftsman, American Foursquare, Colonial Revival, and Tudor Revival. Craftsman architecture is identified by low-pitched gable roofs, wide eaves with exposed rafter tails, tapered porch columns, and decorative beams or braces commonly added under the gables. Examples of this style can be found in the Hincheyville Historic District at 1005 Fair Street and 1002 West Main Street. More modest examples are in the Natchez Street Historic District. American Foursquare is a house form that is found in many styles of this period. The form is characterized by its two-story squared floor plan with four rooms upstairs and four rooms downstairs. The house at 1327 Adams Street in the Adams Street is a Colonial Revival style example of an American Foursquare. Colonial Revival is recognized by its symmetrical façade, accentuated front door with a decorative pediment supported by pilasters or extended portico with columns, doors with fanlights or sidelights, and multi-pane glazing in the windows. This style can be found throughout the city with excellent examples in the Lewisburg Avenue Historic District such as 102 and 111 Lewisburg Avenue and 501 South Margin Street. Tudor Revival is distinguished by its steeply pitched gable roofs; decorative half-timbering; tall, narrow windows; massive chimneys; and front doors or porches with rounded arches. Examples of this style can be found at 803 and 807 Fair Street in the Hincheyville Historic District. As automobile travel eased navigation into the historic core of Franklin, the suburban development began to sprawl from the city. Neighborhoods developed along Lewisburg Avenue, 2nd Avenue, and South Margin Street. During the Great Depression, loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration funded the construction of small houses with minimal detailing. The period after World War II brought a nationwide suburban boom. Planned neighborhoods with uniform lot sizes and consistent housing styles became the norm. Minimal Traditional, Ranch, and Split-Level dwellings were common during this period. These houses were typically smaller and cheaper to build than their more elaborate predecessors. Minimal Traditional houses are generally one-story in height with lowpitched, often gabled, roofs and the roof eaves usually have little to no overhang. Although not common in Franklin, Minimal Traditional houses are present as infill in historic neighborhoods such as 1333 and 1335 Adams Street. The Ranch house rose to prominence as the dominant form for the construction of post-War World II suburban development. The Ranch is characterized by low-pitched roofs, wide eaves, large picture windows, 16 FRANKLIN, TN | PRESERVATION PLAN
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