EFFECTIVE MAY 30, 2022 185 chapter 11 endured one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. Confederate General Hood's attack was unsuccessful and sustained enormous casualties. The U.S. Army withdrew in the evening and thousands of wounded soldiers were crowded into Franklin's residences and public buildings. The U.S. Army held the town until the end of the War. Franklin recovered quickly after the war and continued to be the dominant urban center of Williamson County into the late-19th century. In 1871, the town contained 66 businesses, including several carriage and wagon manufacturers and cotton and grist mills. Around the public square and along Main Street, dozens of new one- and two-story brick commercial buildings were constructed in the 1880s and 1890s, and three banks were chartered in these years. Expansion of the residential areas occurred to the south into the Hincheyville area and along Lewisburg Avenue. Harpeth Academy, the Tennessee Female College, Franklin Female Institute, and BattleGround Academywerewell-known schools in these decades which provided education for Franklin students. After1900, Franklin'spopulation increasedasnewroadsandrailroads connected the town with Nashville and adjacent counties. From 1900 to 1940, houses reflecting the Colonial Revival, Bungalow, and Tudor Revival styles were built in the Hincheyville area and along Lewisburg Avenue. Most of these houses were built on small lots, creating a dense and compact streetscape in the areas around the Public Square. No notable examples of the Art Deco or International style were built in the residential areas, but some commercial buildings in the downtown area have Art Deco inspired detailing. After 1940, the architecture in Franklin followed national trends, with most new construction occurring in subdivisions to the west, south, and east of the original sections.
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